SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    24569, 24570, 24571, 24572, 24573, 24574, 
    24575, 24576, 24577, 24578, 24579, 
    24580, 24581, 24582, 24583, 24584
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 4

Query time 0.00023

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 4 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (24569,24570,24571,24572,24573,24574,24575,24576,24577,24578,24579,24580,24581,24582,24583,24584) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}